A new study led by the Health Research Institute INCLIVA, in collaboration with the Valencian Foundation for Agriculture and Environment (FUVAMA), has demonstrated that citrus consumption can significantly influence gene expression related to human health. Using omics analysis and artificial intelligence, the research provides new insights into how oranges and mandarins interact with the genome.
Nutrigenomics advances in understanding diet–DNA interaction
The project, titled Nutrigenomic Analysis of Citrus-Supplemented Diets, represents a major step forward in the field of nutrigenomics. Findings from this second phase confirm that diet goes beyond basic nutrition, acting as a biological modulator capable of altering gene and protein activity in key organs such as the heart, brain and liver.
Mandarins show stronger biological response
The study found that mandarins generate a stronger biological response than oranges in most of the organs analysed. This effect is attributed to their higher concentration of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids and flavonoids such as synephrine and naringenin.
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In the heart, citrus intake was associated with improved mitochondrial function and a reduction in the biomarker TGF-β. In the brain, researchers identified changes in molecular pathways linked to circadian rhythm regulation.
AI and bioinformatics drive deeper insights
To manage the large volume of biological data, researchers applied advanced bioinformatics tools and machine learning techniques. According to INCLIVA, this approach allows for the identification of complex patterns that traditional methods may overlook, enabling more robust gene selection for future precision medicine applications.
Promising results with further validation needed
While the findings suggest potential benefits in reducing oxidative stress and improving cellular respiration, researchers emphasise the need for further validation to establish specific health intervention protocols.
Overall, the study reinforces the growing evidence that diet—particularly citrus consumption—can play a key role in modulating biological processes and supporting long-term health.
